1. What is the main function of the central processing unit (CPU) in a computer system?

• a) To store data permanently
• b) To execute instructions and perform computations
• c) To provide input and output functionality
• d) To manage network connections

2. Which component of the computer system is responsible for storing data temporarily while a program is running?

• a) Hard Disk
• b) RAM (Random Access Memory)
• c) ROM (Read-Only Memory)
• d) CPU

3. In computer architecture, what does the term ‘bus’ refer to?

• a) A software component that manages hardware
• b) A system that connects and facilitates data transfer between hardware components
• c) A type of data storage device
• d) An external peripheral device

4. What type of instruction involves operations such as input and output functions?

• a) Memory Reference Instruction
• b) Register Reference Instruction
• c) Input-output Instruction
• d) Arithmetic Instruction

5. The ‘Address Bus’ in a computer system is used for:

• a) Transferring data between devices
• b) Controlling the timing of data transfers
• c) Specifying the location of data in memory
• d) Managing power supply to components

6. Which addressing mode involves using a fixed address specified directly in the instruction?

• a) Immediate Addressing Mode
• b) Indirect Addressing Mode
• c) Register Addressing Mode
• d) Direct Addressing Mode

7. What is the function of the ‘Control Bus’?

• a) To carry data between memory and the CPU
• b) To provide power to different components
• c) To manage and synchronize data transfers
• d) To connect external devices

8. In the context of C programming, what does the following code snippet do?

                    int a = 10;
                    int b = 20;
                    int c;
                    c = a + b;
                    printf("The sum is %d", c);
                    

• a) Multiplies a and b and prints the result
• b) Computes the sum of a and b and prints it
• c) Assigns b to c and prints it
• d) Subtracts b from a and prints the result

9. Which addressing mode involves an operand that is specified within the instruction itself?

• a) Implied Addressing Mode
• b) Immediate Addressing Mode
• c) Indexed Addressing Mode
• d) Indirect Addressing Mode

10. What is the primary role of the ‘Memory Buffer Register’ (MBR)?

• a) To hold the address of the next instruction
• b) To store data temporarily during read and write operations
• c) To hold the current instruction being executed
• d) To provide data to external devices

11. In which addressing mode does the instruction specify the address of a memory location containing the actual address of the operand?

• a) Direct Addressing Mode
• b) Immediate Addressing Mode
• c) Indirect Addressing Mode
• d) Register Addressing Mode

12. Which phase of the instruction cycle involves decoding the fetched instruction to determine the operation?

• a) Fetch
• b) Decode
• c) Read
• d) Execute

13. What does the term ‘Microoperation’ refer to in the context of computer instructions?

• a) The execution of a complex instruction
• b) A small operation carried out as part of a macro operation
• c) The process of storing data in memory
• d) The loading of data into a register

14. In C programming, what is the purpose of the printf function?

• a) To read data from the user
• b) To print output to the console
• c) To store data in a file
• d) To execute a function

15. How does ‘Register Addressing Mode’ differ from ‘Memory Addressing Mode’?

• a) Register Addressing Mode uses memory locations, while Memory Addressing Mode uses registers.
• b) Register Addressing Mode specifies a register for operands, while Memory Addressing Mode specifies a memory address.
• c) Register Addressing Mode involves external devices, while Memory Addressing Mode does not.
• d) Register Addressing Mode is slower than Memory Addressing Mode.

16. Which of the following addressing modes is commonly used for implementing arrays?

• a) Immediate Addressing Mode
• b) Indexed Addressing Mode
• c) Register Addressing Mode
• d) Direct Addressing Mode

17. What is an example of an instruction that falls under the category of ‘Input-output Instruction’?

• a) ADD
• b) LDA
• c) OUT
• d) STA

18. What type of system bus allows for connections to external devices such as printers and mice?

• a) Data Bus
• b) Address Bus
• c) Control Bus
• d) Extension Bus

19. In an instruction cycle, what is the purpose of the ‘Execute’ phase?

• a) To decode the instruction
• b) To fetch the instruction from memory
• c) To perform the operation specified by the instruction
• d) To move the instruction to the next memory location

20. Which of the following is true about a synchronous system bus?

• a) It operates independently of the computer’s clock.
• b) It is slower compared to an asynchronous system bus.
• c) It performs data transfers based on a set protocol related to time.
• d) It is used primarily for external device connections.